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eng.consolidation-settlement Calculator
Calculates primary consolidation settlement from void ratio change, compression index, and effective stress using Terzaghi's one-dimensional consolidation theory. Consolidation settlement can take years in thick clay deposits — a 10m clay layer with Cv of 1 m²/year reaches 90% consolidation in approximately 10 years.
Inputs
Compression Index
Reference formula or conversion factor shown for context.
Void Ratio Initial
Reference formula or conversion factor shown for context.
Stress Initial Kpa
Internal force per unit area (Pa or MPa). Must stay below yield strength in service.
Stress Final Kpa
Internal force per unit area (Pa or MPa). Must stay below yield strength in service.
Clay Thickness M
Perpendicular measurement through the material. For insulation: thicker is better. For beams: directly affects bending resistance.
Results
primary consolidation settlement (mm)
The value at the specified point or condition.
settlement (m)
Sample size or count used in the calculation.
log stress ratio
Internal force per unit area (Pa or MPa). Must stay below yield strength in service. Beyond yield: permanent deformation. Beyond tensile strength: fracture.
Sc = H×Cc/(1+e₀)×log(σf/σ₀)
Reference formula or conversion factor shown for context.
secondary compression
The computed compression ratio or compressive force. Higher compression ratios store more energy but increase heat and pressure.