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eng.euler-column-buckling Calculator
Calculates Euler critical buckling load for end conditions (pinned-pinned, fixed-free, fixed-pinned, fixed-fixed) from slenderness ratio. Euler buckling applies only when the critical stress is below the proportional limit — for stocky columns, inelastic buckling requires the Johnson formula.
Inputs
E Gpa
Material stiffness (GPa). Stress divided by strain in the elastic range. Steel: 200 GPa. Aluminium: 70 GPa. Rubber: 0.01–0.1 GPa.
I Cm4
Two-dimensional surface extent (m²). For complex shapes, break into simpler sub-shapes and sum.
L M
Linear measurement. Ensure consistent units: 1 m = 1,000 mm = 3.281 ft.
K Eff
Linear measurement. Ensure consistent units: 1 m = 1,000 mm = 3.281 ft.
Results
critical buckling load Pcr (kN)
Critical compressive force that causes sudden lateral collapse of a column. Above this, the column is unstable. Always design with a safety factor applied below this value.
effective length Le (m)
The computed linear length.
Pcr = π²EI/(KL)²
Reference formula or conversion factor shown for context.
K factor reference
A dimensionless multiplier applied in the calculation.
slenderness ratio λ
The proportional relationship between two quantities.