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eng.heat-exchanger-effectiveness Calculator
Calculates heat exchanger thermal effectiveness, heat duty, and exit temperatures from NTU and fluid capacity rates. Counterflow heat exchangers have the highest effectiveness at the same NTU — parallel flow can never exceed 50% effectiveness for equal capacity rates.
Inputs
C Hot W K
Maximum throughput or storage. Operating near 100% capacity typically increases failures and wait times.
C Cold W K
Maximum throughput or storage. Operating near 100% capacity typically increases failures and wait times.
T Hot In C
Thermal state of the substance. Check whether the formula needs Celsius, Fahrenheit, or Kelvin (K = °C + 273.15).
T Cold In C
Thermal state of the substance. Check whether the formula needs Celsius, Fahrenheit, or Kelvin (K = °C + 273.15).
Ntu
Count of items or occurrences.
Results
effectiveness ε
Sample size or count used in the calculation.
heat transfer rate Q (kW)
Thermal energy exchanged per unit time (W). Increases with temperature difference, material conductivity, and surface area.
capacity ratio Cr = Cmin/Cmax
The proportional relationship between two quantities.
NTU
Sample size or count used in the calculation.
ε-NTU: ε=(1-exp(-NTU(1-Cr)))/(1-Cr·exp(...))
Sample size or count used in the calculation.
ε=1 → maximum possible heat transfer
Thermal energy moving from hot to cold. Rate depends on temperature difference, conductivity, and geometry (Fourier's Law for conduction; Newton's Law of Cooling for convection).