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eng.metal-forming-true-strain Calculator
Calculates true (natural) strain from engineering strain and true stress from engineering stress in metal forming. True strain is additive across sequential forming operations — engineering strain is not, making true strain the correct measure for large deformation analysis.
Inputs
L0 Mm
Linear measurement. Ensure consistent units: 1 m = 1,000 mm = 3.281 ft.
L Final Mm
Linear measurement. Ensure consistent units: 1 m = 1,000 mm = 3.281 ft.
D0 Mm
Distance across a circle through its centre. Always confirm units match the rest of the calculation.
Results
true strain ε_true
Fractional deformation: change in length / original length. Elastic strain is fully recoverable; plastic strain is permanent. Plotted vs. stress on a stress-strain curve.
engineering strain ε_eng
Fractional deformation: change in length / original length. Elastic strain is fully recoverable; plastic strain is permanent. Plotted vs. stress on a stress-strain curve.
final diameter (incompressible) (mm)
The computed diameter -- twice the radius.
area reduction RA
The computed two-dimensional surface area.
ε_true = ln(L/L₀) = ln(1+ε_eng)
Sample size or count used in the calculation.
flow stress estimate (σ = K·εⁿ)
Internal force per unit area (Pa or MPa). Must stay below yield strength in service. Beyond yield: permanent deformation. Beyond tensile strength: fracture.