// multi-utility computation suite · offline · instant · precise
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eng.transformer-rating Calculator
Calculates transformer kVA rating, efficiency, regulation, and secondary current from primary/secondary voltages and impedance. Transformer efficiency peaks at 75–80% load — oversizing a transformer operates it in the low-efficiency range and increases no-load losses.
Inputs
Primary V
Electric potential difference (V). Drives current through a circuit. Household: 120 V (US) or 230 V (EU/UK).
Secondary V
Electric potential difference (V). Drives current through a circuit. Household: 120 V (US) or 230 V (EU/UK).
Power Va
Rate of energy transfer (W). P = V×I (electrical). P = F×v (mechanical). 1 horsepower ≈ 746 W.
Efficiency Pct
Useful output divided by total input, as a percentage. 100% is impossible due to losses (heat, friction, resistance).
Results
turns ratio Np:Ns
The proportional relationship between two quantities.
primary current (A)
Electric charge flow rate (A). Governs wire sizing — too much current causes dangerous heating. Fuses protect circuits from overcurrent.
secondary current (A)
Electric charge flow rate (A). Governs wire sizing — too much current causes dangerous heating. Fuses protect circuits from overcurrent.
output power (W)
Reference formula or conversion factor shown for context.
losses (W)
The decrease or degradation from the baseline.
impedance ratio
Total opposition to AC current (Ω), combining resistance and reactance. Z = √(R² + X²). Maximum power transfer occurs when source and load impedances match.