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eng.water-hammer-joukowsky Calculator
Calculates water hammer pressure surge and wave speed using the Joukowsky equation from flow velocity and pipe properties. Wave speed in steel pipe with water is approximately 1,200 m/s — the pressure surge ΔP = ρaΔV applies for rapid closure within t < 2L/a.
Inputs
V0 M S
Speed in a specified direction (m/s). Required for momentum, kinetic energy, and wave calculations.
Rho Kg M3
Mass per unit volume (kg/m³). Water: 1,000. Air: 1.225. Steel: 7,850. Affects buoyancy, flow, and structural loads.
C M S
Rate of movement. 1 m/s = 3.6 km/h = 2.237 mph.
D M
Internal diameter of the pipe. Larger diameter reduces velocity and pressure drop but increases material cost.
E M
Perpendicular measurement through the material. For insulation: thicker is better. For beams: directly affects bending resistance.
E Gpa
Reference formula or conversion factor shown for context.
Results
pressure surge ΔP (Pa)
Reference formula or conversion factor shown for context.
pressure surge ΔP (bar)
Reference formula or conversion factor shown for context.