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eng.wind-turbine-power-Betz Calculator
Calculates wind turbine power output and efficiency relative to the Betz limit of 59.3% of available wind kinetic energy. No turbine can exceed the Betz limit of 16/27 of kinetic power — modern turbines achieve 45–50% efficiency (75–85% of Betz limit).
Inputs
V M S
Rate of movement. 1 m/s = 3.6 km/h = 2.237 mph.
D Rotor M
Distance across a circle through its centre. Always confirm units match the rest of the calculation.
Cp
Rate of energy transfer (W). P = V×I (electrical). P = F×v (mechanical). 1 horsepower ≈ 746 W.
Rho Kg M3
Mass per unit volume (kg/m³). Water: 1,000. Air: 1.225. Steel: 7,850. Affects buoyancy, flow, and structural loads.
Results
turbine output power (kW)
Sample size or count used in the calculation.
Betz limit power (kW)
Reference formula or conversion factor shown for context.
available wind power (kW)
Sample size or count used in the calculation.
efficiency vs Betz limit
Useful output divided by total input, as a percentage. True 100% efficiency is impossible — losses appear as heat. LEDs: 30–50%. Electric motors: 85–97%. Switching supplies: 85–95%.
P = ½ρA·v³ · Cp
Reference formula or conversion factor shown for context.
capacity factor note
A dimensionless multiplier applied in the calculation.