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fin.net-present-value Calculator
Calculates Net Present Value (NPV) from initial investment and up to 10 annual cash flows at a chosen discount rate. NPV is the theoretically correct decision rule for capital budgeting — accept if NPV is positive, reject if negative.
Inputs
Initial Investment
Upfront cost — the negative cash flow at time zero in NPV/IRR analysis.
Annual Cashflow
Total net cash received or paid in one year. Used in payback period and simple ROI calculations.
Discount Rate Pct
Rate used to bring future cash flows back to today's value. Higher rates make future money worth less — used in NPV, bond pricing, and valuation.
Project Years
Reference formula or conversion factor shown for context.
Results
NPV ($)
Sample size or count used in the calculation.
PV of cash flows ($)
Present value of all future cash flows, discounted at the required rate of return. The foundation of DCF (discounted cash flow) valuation.
NPV decision
Sample size or count used in the calculation.
payback period (approx years)
Time to recover the initial investment from cumulative cash flows. Most firms target 2–5 years. Does not account for the time value of money — use discounted payback for rigour.
NPV = Σ CF/(1+r)^t - I
Sample size or count used in the calculation.
IRR approximation
IRR (internal rate of return) -- the annualised return rate at which net present value equals zero. If IRR exceeds the hurdle rate, the investment adds value.