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sci.electroplating-Faraday-thickness Calculator
Calculates electroplated layer thickness from current density, time, and material properties: d = M×I×t/(n×F×ρ×A). Chrome plating at 25 A/dm² for 60 minutes deposits ≈ 12 µm — Faraday efficiency for hard chrome ≈ 15–20% due to hydrogen evolution competition.
Inputs
I A
Rate of charge flow (A). I = V/R. Above ~100 mA through the body can be lethal. Fuses protect against overcurrent.
T Min
Duration of the process. Make sure units match the rate inputs (seconds, minutes, or hours).
M G Mol
Mass of one mole of the substance (g/mol). Found by summing atomic weights. Converts between grams and moles.
Z Electrons
Reference formula or conversion factor shown for context.
Rho G Cm3
Mass per unit volume (kg/m³). Water: 1,000. Air: 1.225. Steel: 7,850. Affects buoyancy, flow, and structural loads.
A Cm2
Two-dimensional surface extent (m²). For complex shapes, break into simpler sub-shapes and sum.
Results
deposit mass m (g)
The computed mass of the object or substance.
coating thickness (μm)
The value at the specified point or condition.
current density (A/cm²)
Electric charge flow rate (A). Governs wire sizing — too much current causes dangerous heating. Fuses protect circuits from overcurrent.
m = I·t·M/(z·F) | thickness = m/(ρ·A)
Sample size or count used in the calculation.
typical thicknesses
Sample size or count used in the calculation.
cathode efficiency
Useful output divided by total input, as a percentage. True 100% efficiency is impossible — losses appear as heat. LEDs: 30–50%. Electric motors: 85–97%. Switching supplies: 85–95%.