// multi-utility computation suite · offline · instant · precise
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sci.heat-pump-cop-heating Calculator
Calculates heat pump COP for heating: COP_heating = T_hot/(T_hot − T_cold) for the Carnot ideal, with real values typically 2.5–5. A heat pump with COP = 3 delivers 3 kWh of heat per 1 kWh of electricity — far more efficient than electric resistance heating (COP = 1).
Inputs
Outdoor Temp C
Thermal state of the substance. Check whether the formula needs Celsius, Fahrenheit, or Kelvin (K = °C + 273.15).
Indoor Temp C
Thermal state of the substance. Check whether the formula needs Celsius, Fahrenheit, or Kelvin (K = °C + 273.15).
Compressor Input Kw
Rate of energy transfer (W). P = V×I (electrical). P = F×v (mechanical). 1 horsepower ≈ 746 W.
Heat Output Kw
Reference formula or conversion factor shown for context.
Results
actual COP (heating)
The value at the specified point or condition.
Carnot COP (max)
Sample size or count used in the calculation.
efficiency vs Carnot
Useful output divided by total input, as a percentage. True 100% efficiency is impossible — losses appear as heat. LEDs: 30–50%. Electric motors: 85–97%. Switching supplies: 85–95%.