// multi-utility computation suite · offline · instant · precise
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sci.heat-pump-cop Calculator
Calculates coefficient of performance for a heat pump or refrigerator cycle and compares to the Carnot ideal at given operating temperatures. COP degrades as the temperature difference increases — a heat pump heating from 0 °C to 40 °C has a lower COP than one heating from 10 °C to 35 °C.
Inputs
Hot Reservoir Temp C
Thermal state of the substance. Check whether the formula needs Celsius, Fahrenheit, or Kelvin (K = °C + 273.15).
Cold Reservoir Temp C
Thermal state of the substance. Check whether the formula needs Celsius, Fahrenheit, or Kelvin (K = °C + 273.15).
Results
max COP (heat pump)
The value at the specified point or condition.
max COP (refrigerator)
The value at the specified point or condition.
Carnot efficiency (heat engine)
Useful output divided by total input, as a percentage. True 100% efficiency is impossible — losses appear as heat. LEDs: 30–50%. Electric motors: 85–97%. Switching supplies: 85–95%.
COP_hp = Th/(Th-Tc)
Reference formula or conversion factor shown for context.