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sci.power-analysis-sample-size Calculator
Calculates required sample size for a specified statistical power (1−β) and significance level α from effect size d (Cohen's d) using the non-central t distribution. For d = 0.5 (medium effect), α = 0.05, power = 0.80: n = 64 per group — Cohen's convention: small d = 0.2, medium = 0.5, large = 0.8.
Inputs
Effect Size D
Reference formula or conversion factor shown for context.
Alpha
p-value threshold below which you reject the null hypothesis. α = 0.05 is conventional (5% false-positive rate).
Power 1 Beta
Rate of energy transfer (W). P = V×I (electrical). P = F×v (mechanical). 1 horsepower ≈ 746 W.
Results
sample size per group n
Sample size or count used in the calculation.
total subjects needed
The combined total across all inputs and components.
z_α/2
Reference formula or conversion factor shown for context.
z_β
Reference formula or conversion factor shown for context.
n = 2((z_α + z_β)/d)²
Sample size or count used in the calculation.
Cohen effect sizes
Standardised measure of the magnitude of the difference or relationship, independent of sample size. Cohen's d: 0.2 = small, 0.5 = medium, 0.8 = large.