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sci.propeller-advance-ratio-efficiency Calculator
Calculates propeller advance ratio J = V/(nD), thrust coefficient CT, power coefficient CP, and propulsive efficiency η_p = CT×J/CP. Maximum efficiency occurs near design J ≈ 0.6–0.8 — at J = 0 (static thrust), efficiency is zero despite maximum thrust.
Inputs
J Advance
Reference formula or conversion factor shown for context.
Kt Thrust
Reference formula or conversion factor shown for context.
Kq Torque
Rotational force (N·m) = force × perpendicular lever arm. Engine torque peaks at lower RPM; horsepower peaks higher.
N Rps
Rate of movement. 1 m/s = 3.6 km/h = 2.237 mph.
D M
Distance across a circle through its centre. Always confirm units match the rest of the calculation.
Results
open water efficiency η₀
Useful output divided by total input, as a percentage. True 100% efficiency is impossible — losses appear as heat. LEDs: 30–50%. Electric motors: 85–97%. Switching supplies: 85–95%.
thrust T (kN)
Forward propulsive force generated by the engine or motor. Net thrust = gross thrust minus inlet momentum drag.
torque Q (kN·m)
Rotational force (N·m) = force × perpendicular lever arm. High torque at low RPM is ideal for hauling; high RPM suits high-speed applications.
delivered power P_D (kW)
Reference formula or conversion factor shown for context.
η₀ = J·KT/(2π·KQ)
Reference formula or conversion factor shown for context.