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sci.rule-of-mixtures-composite Calculator
Calculates composite elastic modulus using the Voigt (iso-strain) and Reuss (iso-stress) bounds: E_V = V_f E_f + V_m E_m and 1/E_R = V_f/E_f + V_m/E_m. Voigt bound is the upper bound; Reuss is the lower bound — actual composite modulus lies between them depending on fibre orientation and geometry.
Inputs
Ef Gpa
Reference formula or conversion factor shown for context.
Em Gpa
Reference formula or conversion factor shown for context.
Vf
Three-dimensional space occupied (m³ or L). 1 m³ = 1,000 L.
Sigmaf Mpa
Maximum stress before fracture. Structural steel: 400–700 MPa. Aluminium alloys: 200–500 MPa.
Sigmam Mpa
Maximum stress before fracture. Structural steel: 400–700 MPa. Aluminium alloys: 200–500 MPa.
Results
longitudinal modulus E_L (GPa)
Sample size or count used in the calculation.
transverse modulus E_T (GPa)
Sample size or count used in the calculation.
composite tensile strength σ_c (MPa)
Sample size or count used in the calculation.
anisotropy ratio E_L/E_T
The proportional relationship between two quantities.
E_L = Ef·Vf + Em·Vm (Voigt)
Reference formula or conversion factor shown for context.
typical CFRP
Reference formula or conversion factor shown for context.