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sci.solar-cell-IV-curve-Shockley Calculator
Calculates solar cell IV curve parameters (Voc, Isc, MPP, FF) from the Shockley diode equation with one or two diode model parameters. Fill factor FF = Pmpp/(Voc × Isc) ≈ 0.7–0.85 for commercial silicon cells — efficiency = FF × Voc × Isc / Pin; commercial silicon modules: 19–23%.
Inputs
Isc A
Rate of charge flow (A). I = V/R. Above ~100 mA through the body can be lethal. Fuses protect against overcurrent.
Voc V
Electric potential difference (V). Drives current through a circuit. Household: 120 V (US) or 230 V (EU/UK).
N Ideality
A multiplier applied in the calculation.
T K
Thermal state of the substance. Check whether the formula needs Celsius, Fahrenheit, or Kelvin (K = °C + 273.15).
Results
maximum power Pmax (W)
The largest value in the dataset or feasible range.
fill factor FF
A dimensionless multiplier applied in the calculation.
Vmp — max power voltage (V)
Electric potential difference between the two terminals (V). In AC systems, quoted as RMS — 230 V mains has a peak of ~325 V.
Imp — max power current (A)
Electric charge flow rate (A). Governs wire sizing — too much current causes dangerous heating. Fuses protect circuits from overcurrent.
I = Isc − I0·(e^(qV/nkT) − 1)
Sample size or count used in the calculation.
efficiency context
Useful output divided by total input, as a percentage. True 100% efficiency is impossible — losses appear as heat. LEDs: 30–50%. Electric motors: 85–97%. Switching supplies: 85–95%.