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sci.tidal-stream-power-density Calculator
Calculates tidal stream power density P/A = ½ρCpv³ and turbine array annual energy output from tidal current velocity and capacity factor. Tidal current speed > 2 m/s is needed for economical generation — the Pentland Firth (Scotland) resource at 4 m/s theoretical power density exceeds 10 kW/m².
Inputs
V M S
Speed in a specified direction (m/s). Required for momentum, kinetic energy, and wave calculations.
Rho Kg M3
Mass per unit volume (kg/m³). Water: 1,000. Air: 1.225. Steel: 7,850. Affects buoyancy, flow, and structural loads.
Cp
Rate of energy transfer (W). P = V×I (electrical). P = F×v (mechanical). 1 horsepower ≈ 746 W.
D M
Distance across a circle through its centre. Always confirm units match the rest of the calculation.
Results
turbine power P (kW)
Sample size or count used in the calculation.
available tidal power P_avail (kW)
Reference formula or conversion factor shown for context.
swept area A (m²)
The computed two-dimensional surface area.
Betz limit fraction
Sample size or count used in the calculation.
P = Cp·½ρAv³
Reference formula or conversion factor shown for context.